| r2 |
| See correlation coefficient. |
| Ramsar Site |
| Ramsar sites are areas of wetland that are protected under the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat. Further information can be found in the Nature Conservation section of this website. |
| RAWP |
| See Regional Aggregates Working Party. |
| RDB |
| See Red Data Books. |
| Ready mixed concrete |
| Specified mixture of aggregates and cement with water and other additives, delivered to construction site by a specially designed truck with rotating container to prevent setting of the concrete during transport. |
| Receptor |
| A location (usually a property) which is affected by an impact. |
| Recycling |
| The collection of unwanted materials of the same type (construction and demolition waste (CDW), glass, paper, etc) for processing into new products. |
| Red Data Books (RDB) |
| Red Data Books are now an established method of presenting factual information abut the status of the rarest and most threatened animals and plants. They have now been produced internationally and nationally for a large number of biological groups. |
| Reduction |
| the measures taken to minimise negative landscape and visual effects that cannot be avoided |
| Reduction ratio |
| The ratio of the particle-size of the feed material to the particle-size of the crusher product. |
| Reedbed |
| A natural or cultivated wetland with actively growing reeds. It is used to remove deleterious elements or biological constituents from industrial, sewage or mineral processing effluents. |
| Reference Surface |
| A surface, usually clean, against which a surface soiled by deposited dust is compared and judged. |
| Refugia |
| Pieces of wood, metal, plastic or fabric beneath which snakes and slow worms can hide. |
| Regional Aggregate Working Party (RAWP) |
| Regional Aggregate Working Parties provide technical advice in relation to the supply of and demand for construction aggregates for their particular region. |
| Regional Planning Board (RPB) |
| Regional Planning Boards are responsible for developing the Regional Spatial Strategy within its region. It will comprise local authority Councillors and representatives from social and economic partners, including the regional development agency. The RPB works within delegated powers agreed by the Regional Assembly.
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| Regional Planning Guidance (RPG) |
| Regional Planning Guidance documents were issued by the government for different regions. They set the framework for local transport plans, biodiversity plans and other strategies within the region. These have been replaced by statutory Regional Spatial Strategies which has strengthened the role and importance of regional planning. |
| Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) |
| Regional Spatial Strategy documents set the framework for local transport plans, biodiversity plans and other strategies within different regions. These have replaced Regional Planning Guides and have strengthened the role and importance of regional planning. |
| Regression |
| This is the method of working out the relationship between two variables. |
| Regression Line |
| This line defines the best relationship between variables. |
| Remediation |
| the sympathetic treatment of the external areas of a proposed development employed to counteract negative landscape and visual effects (part of reduction) |
| Remote sensing |
| Non-invasive methods of evaluation, including air photograph interpretation, geophysical survey and fieldwalking. |
| Resistivity |
| A remote sensing method capable of identifying solid sub-surface archaeological features by measuring the differences in their electrical resistance and that of the surrounding soils. |
| Respirable |
| particles which are small enough to be breathed down into the lungs. |
| Restoration |
| Returning the land used in quarrying to some previously agreed purpose. This may be for use by landfill, agriculture, and wildlife or as a new public amenity such as parkland or water sports.
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| Resultant Peak Particle Velocity (RPPV) |
| Resultant Peak Particle Velocity. As vibrations take place in 3 dimensions they have to be measured simultaneously in 3 perpendicular directions. Each of these can give a PPV, but the 3 recordings can also be combined to produce a resultant by producing a vector sum ( (v2+l2+t2)) where v=vertical, l=longitudinal, t=transverse) for every point on the recording (usually 1000 points every second). The maximum of all these vector sums is the Resultant PPV. |
| Reuse |
| The use of unwanted materials in another application without significant additional processing. It also applies to reuse of water in quarry plant. |
| Ripper |
| A tractor fitted with a hooked tine which is forced into the ground hydraulically to break it up as the tractor moves forward. |
| Ripping |
| A method of breaking up the ground using large metal teeth behind a dozer.
|
| Roll crushers |
| Size reduction machines which feed rock between two counter-rotating steel cylinders or rolls and use a combination of impact compression and shearing action to break the rock into smaller particles. The gap between the rolls is set to the size of product desired. They tend to have a lower throughput than cone or gyratory crushers but minimize fines production and can handle wet, sticky materials. |
| Roman |
| The period of Roman influence and occupation of Britain between AD43 and c.AD450. The term Romano-British is often employed in reference to the contemporary native population. |
| Rotary dryer |
| Machine for removing moisture from crushed or processed rock by moving it along a rotating steel cylinder, through which hot gases or air is passing. |
| Rotary screen (trammels) |
| Sloping rotating metal screen with apertures set at the desired size fraction. Feed enters at the top end as a slurry and moves down the trammel. Oversize material is removed at the lower end. |
| Rotor |
| Rotating assembly of shaft, discs, and hammers within a crusher which imparts the crushing forces to the material. |
| RPB |
| See Regional Planning Board. |
| RPG |
| See Regional Planning Guidance. |
| RPPV |
| See Resultant Peak Particle Velocity. |
| RSPB |
| Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. www.rspb.org.uk
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| RSS |
| See Regional Spatial Strategy. |
| Run-off |
| Precipitation (rain, snow, hail, etc.), snow melt, or irrigation water that appears in uncontrolled surface streams, rivers, drains or sewers.
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